Summary

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• Rifamycin (Aemcolo) is indicated for the treatment of travelers’ diarrhea caused by non-invasive strains of Escherichia coli in adults.
• Two studies focusing on pharmacokinetics influenced by genetic variations and interactions with anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents were reviewed.
• Genetic variability significantly contributes to the differences in rifamycin's effectiveness among individuals. Polymorphisms in the SLCO1B1, ABCB1, AADAC, and CES2 genes are noted as important factors that impact the drug's effectiveness and side effect profiles.
• The importance of considering an individual’s genetic makeup when utilizing rifamycins is underscored. This consideration is especially crucial for tuberculosis patients to optimize dosage and efficacy, though no specific population subgroups other than tuberculosis patients were mentioned.
• Significant interactions between rifamycins (rifampin, rifabutin) and various anticoagulant/antiplatelet agents were observed. These interactions led to changes in the pharmacokinetics of these agents, necessitating dosage adjustments or leading to potential risks such as thrombosis or bleeding.
• Although direct safety comparisons were not made for Aemcolo specifically for treating traveler's diarrhea caused by E.coli among adults with other drugs, it was pointed out that careful monitoring is advised due to its complex nature, especially if coadministered with anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy, which could lead to complications like thrombosis or bleeding.