Summary

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• This summary is based on the review of 114 systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-112]
• Nivolumab + Ipilimumab Combination in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC): Showed superior efficacy in the MSI subgroup with improved progression-free survival (PFS) (HR (hazard ratio)=0.21; 95% CI (confidence interval), 0.13-0.34). For the MSS (microsatellite-stable) subgroup, a significant PFS improvement was observed (HR=0.74; 95% CI, 0.53-1.02).
• Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC): Demonstrated a significant safety profile with an HR of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.60-1.17).
• Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC): No statistically significant difference in overall survival (OS) compared to lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in intermediate-/poor-risk subgroups.
• Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Achieved long-term survival benefits, with a median OS of 18.6 months in a pooled population, showing higher efficacy in the PD-L1 <1% subgroup compared to other treatments.
• Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC): Nivolumab + Ipilimumab demonstrated an optimal safety profile with a low risk of adverse events (OR = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.19-0.56) compared to other first-line treatments in the MSI subgroup.
• Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC): There was an increased incidence of grade 3-4 immune-related adverse events (irAEs) compared to single-agent treatments, along with a higher risk of treatment discontinuation due to adverse events.
• Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): No new safety signals were identified in pooled analyses; however, higher toxicity was observed when compared to monotherapies.
• Combination Therapies: Nivolumab + Ipilimumab combined with chemotherapy showed similar safety profiles to pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy but exhibited different adverse event patterns, with increased incidences of colitis, hepatitis, and skin toxicities.
• Nivolumab + Ipilimumab demonstrated comparable efficacy in patients aged ≥ 75 years for advanced NSCLC, with similar safety profiles across both age groups, while showing significant benefits in OS for patients with PD-L1 <1% and CNS metastases in NSCLC.
• In RCC, Nivolumab + Ipilimumab was particularly beneficial for intermediate-/poor-risk subgroups, although monitoring for adverse events, especially colitis in immunotherapy-naive patients, is necessary.