Summary

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• This summary is based on the review of one systematic review/meta-analysis. ^[1]
• Gabapentin enacarbil is recommended as the first-line treatment for restless legs syndrome (RLS) due to its effectiveness and low risk of augmentation, particularly in primary RLS populations.
• In drug efficacy comparisons, cabergoline demonstrated the most significant reduction in International Restless Legs Study Group Severity Rating Scale (IRLS) scores (mean difference (MD) -11.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) -16.19 to -7.78), while pramipexole was more effective than ropinirole (MD -2.52, 95% CI -4.69 to -0.35).
• Iron supplementation showed efficacy in RLS patients with iron deficiency (MD -5.15, 95% CI -8.99 to -1.31), but was ineffective in patients with normal serum ferritin levels (MD -2.22, 95% CI -6.99 to 2.56).
• Common adverse effects reported include nausea, somnolence, fatigue, headache, and nasopharyngitis, with gabapentin enacarbil favored for its good tolerability and lower likelihood of augmentation.
• Alpha-2-delta ligands, particularly gabapentin enacarbil, demonstrate a favorable safety profile and are well-tolerated in both primary and secondary RLS populations.
• There is no population types or subgroups information available in the reviewed studies.