Summary

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• This summary is based on the review of six systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-5]
• Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Improvement: Denosumab demonstrated the highest effectiveness in increasing total hip BMD in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) patients, with a surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) (LS) score of 99.7%. For lumbar spine BMD improvement, raloxifene was most effective with a SUCRA score of 98.5%.
• Fracture Risk Reduction: Denosumab significantly reduced the risk of secondary vertebral fractures in patients with osteoporosis, with a relative risk (RR) of 0.41 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.29-0.57, p < 0.0001). However, ibandronate and teriparatide were more effective in reducing non-vertebral fracture risks in GIOP patients.
• Fall Incidence Reduction: A pooled analysis from five placebo-controlled trials indicated that denosumab reduced the incidence of falls, with a hazard ratio of 0.79 (95% CI, 0.66-0.93, p = 0.0061).
• Serious Adverse Events of Infection (SAEI): Denosumab-treated patients experienced a slightly increased incidence of SAEI compared to placebo (relative risk (RR) 1.21; 95% CI 1.03-1.43; p = 0.02). Compared to bisphosphonates, denosumab was associated with a higher incidence of any infections (RR 1.11; 95% CI 1.02-1.20; p = 0.02).
• General Adverse Events: No specific adverse event rates beyond infection data were provided, and no additional significant safety concerns were highlighted for denosumab compared to placebo or bisphosphonates.
• There is no population types or subgroups information available in the reviewed studies.