Summary

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• This summary is based on the review of 70 systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-70]
• Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF): Sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT)-2 inhibitors, including dapagliflozin, significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular hospitalization in HFpEF patients without affecting cardiovascular mortality, with consistent efficacy across subgroups by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), systolic blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, diabetes status, sex, body mass index (BMI), and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels.
• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) with Cardiovascular and Renal Risks: Dapagliflozin and other SGLT-2 inhibitors effectively reduced hospitalizations for heart failure and showed benefits in improving cardiovascular outcomes among T2DM patients, with additional renal benefits like slower eGFR decline and reduced albuminuria in T2DM-associated chronic kidney disease (CKD).
• CKD: Dapagliflozin was effective in CKD patients, slowing renal function decline and reducing albuminuria in both T2DM and non-diabetic CKD populations, with comparable efficacy to nintedanib in non-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (non-IPF) fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (ILDs).
• Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): SGLT-2 inhibitors, including dapagliflozin, were associated with a reduced risk of AKI in patients with heart failure, without increasing the occurrence of hypotension or hypovolemia.
• Genital and Urinary Tract Infections: Dapagliflozin and other SGLT-2 inhibitors showed an increased risk for genital infections and urinary tract infections, highlighting the need for monitoring in this area.
• Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA): SGLT-2 inhibitors, particularly in type 1 diabetes, were linked with an increased incidence of DKA, indicating an elevated risk in this patient population.
• Other Adverse Events: Dapagliflozin did not significantly raise the risk for volume depletion, renal impairment, fractures, or amputations, supporting a favorable safety profile in these areas.