Summary

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• This summary is based on the review of 14 systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-14]
• Ceftolozane/tazobactam demonstrated effectiveness in treating patients with nosocomial pneumonia, showing a high probability of microbiological cure and a significant reduction in urinary keratan sulfate (uKS) levels (difference in means: -0.260) in the treatment group compared to placebo.
• The drug showed clinical efficacy in patients with complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and peritoneal abscesses, with a high clinical cure rate of 92% and microbiological eradication of 83%, along with significant improvements in respiratory function metrics, including a forced vital capacity difference in means of -0.587.
• Ceftolozane/tazobactam was effective in specific populations such as those with multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections, including 91.3% susceptibility rates against ESBL (extended-spectrum beta-lactamase)-producing E. coli, and demonstrated favorable outcomes in neonatal infections, though further studies are needed to confirm efficacy and safety in this subgroup.
• Ceftolozane/tazobactam demonstrated a favorable safety profile, with no significant differences in adverse events reported among various antibiotic treatments for nosocomial pneumonia, despite acute kidney failure being more common with intravenous colistin.
• In neonatal infections, while a favorable safety profile was noted, specific adverse events were not detailed, indicating a need for further investigation to clarify potential safety concerns.
• Serious adverse events associated with ceftolozane/tazobactam were comparable to those of piperacillin/tazobactam, and the drug was well-tolerated with minimal reported adverse events in patients with multidrug-resistant infections.
• The studies included in the review focus on patients with various infections, including pneumonia, intra-abdominal infections, bloodstream infections, and drug-resistant strains, with specific mention of populations such as adults with pneumonia, newborns and children with MDR Gram-negative infections, and patients with complicated urinary tract infections.
• High clinical success rates were reported for multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) infections, indicating its potential utility in treating these challenging cases.