Summary

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• This summary is based on the review of five systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-5]
• In hand transplants, 65.9% of patients experienced rejection, and 13.2% experienced graft loss; in face transplants, rejection occurred in 73% of patients, with a graft loss rate of 8.9%.
• Among hand transplant recipients, clinical cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was observed in 6.6% of patients, while in face transplant recipients, the rate was 15.5%.
• For kidney transplants, no significant differences in efficacy and safety were noted between once-daily and twice-daily tacrolimus regimens; however, regimens involving calcineurin inhibitor avoidance and early steroid withdrawal were associated with increased rejection rates.
• In hand and face transplants, nephrotoxicity required modifications to standard triple maintenance therapy, with clinical CMV infection rates observed at 6.6% for hand transplants and 15.5% for face transplants.
• For kidney transplants, tacrolimus was associated with new-onset diabetes, nephrotoxicity, and electrolyte imbalances; belatacept showed a lower incidence of new-onset diabetes but carried a higher risk of infection, including EBV-related lymphoproliferative disorders, and had a reduced vaccine response.
• There is no population types or subgroups information available in the reviewed studies.