Summary

This AI-generated content is provided without warranty, with no liability accepted for reliance on it. Learn more.

• Xifaxan (rifaximin) is indicated for the treatment of travelers’ diarrhea (TD) caused by noninvasive strains of Escherichia coli in adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older, the reduction in risk of overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) recurrence in adults, and the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) in adults.
• This summary is based on the review of 15 systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-15]
• Abdominal Bloating and FGID: Rifaximin showed a higher likelihood of improvement in bloating symptoms (44.6% vs. 34.6%, RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.11, 1.35, n=2401) and reduced the severity of bloating (SMD -0.3, 95% CI -0.51, -0.1, P=0.04).
• Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE): Rifaximin reduced the incidence of HE in primary prevention (OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.45, 0.96; p=0.032), lowered the risk of recurrence in patients in remission (OR 0.38; 95% CI 0.28, 0.52; p<0.001), and improved clinical symptoms in MHE and OHE patients (OR 3.76; 95% CI 2.69, 5.25; p<0.001).
• Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis (AAH): Rifaximin reduced infection rates (RR 0.331, 95% CI 0.159-0.689, P=0.003) but did not significantly impact 90-day and overall mortality.
• Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO): Rifaximin was effective in eradicating SIBO with an overall eradication rate of 63% in per protocol analysis.
• No significant increase in adverse events was observed with Rifaximin (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.74, 1.24; p=0.749).
• When compared with nonabsorbable disaccharides (NADs), Rifaximin showed no significant differences in adverse drug effects (OR=0.43, 95% CI=0.10-1.77, P=.24).
• The Population Types and Subgroup Considerations section includes patients with liver disease at various stages of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with gastrointestinal symptoms, patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis (AAH) with a focus on infection rates and mortality, and patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) with a dose-dependent eradication rate; subgroup analyses for HE include primary and secondary prevention, minimal HE, and combined therapy with lactulose.