Summary

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• This summary is based on the review of 11 systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-11]
• In treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), aripiprazole augmentation (A-ARI) achieved a higher response rate compared to bupropion augmentation (A-BUP) (relative risk (RR): 1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05, 1.25; P = 0.0007) and a higher remission rate compared to switching to bupropion (S-BUP) (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.49; P = 0.05). No significant differences in remission rate or Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score improvement were observed between A-ARI and A-BUP.
• In seasonal affective disorder (SAD), fluoxetine showed a numerically superior clinical response over placebo (RR 1.62, 95% CI 0.92 to 2.83), though the confidence interval includes no effect. Fluoxetine and light therapy had similar efficacy in treating seasonal depression (RR of response 0.98, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.24; RR of remission 0.81, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.71).
• For smoking cessation, bupropion significantly increased long-term cessation rates (RR 1.64, 95% CI 1.52 to 1.77), with comparable effectiveness to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and nortriptyline, though less effective than varenicline.
• In cognitive impairment associated with MDD, both bupropion and vortioxetine exhibited procognitive effects relative to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).
• In TRD and MDD, no significant differences in adverse events and serious adverse events were observed among the treatment strategies: A-ARI, A-BUP, and S-BUP.
• For SAD, adverse events were comparable between fluoxetine and placebo, as well as between fluoxetine and light therapy.
• In smoking cessation, bupropion was associated with a higher dropout rate due to adverse events compared to placebo (RR 1.37, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.56) and a greater likelihood of psychiatric adverse events (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.37), with insufficient evidence to confirm a difference in serious adverse events (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.48).
• There is no population types or subgroups information available in the reviewed studies.