Summary

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• This summary is based on the review of 24 systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-24]
• In Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), Nivolumab demonstrated statistically insignificantly longer overall survival (OS), time to progression (TTP), and progression-free survival (PFS) compared to Regorafenib; however, Nivolumab had a higher overall response rate (ORR) with mixed disease control rate (DCR) results. Regorafenib combined with PD-1 inhibitors significantly improved OS (hazard ratio (HR), 0.61) and PFS (HR, 0.51) compared to monotherapy.
• For Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC), TAS-102 plus Bevacizumab was the most effective regimen in terms of median overall survival (mOS) and median progression-free survival (mPFS), outperforming standard and dose-escalated Regorafenib treatments.
• In Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST), Regorafenib showed improved survival rates after the failure of Imatinib and Sunitinib, with acceptable safety profiles; it also resulted in better PFS compared to placebo, Imatinib, and Sunitinib, although Ripretinib and Masitinib exhibited superior OS.
• Combination therapies, specifically Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab, yielded significantly higher ORR and longer OS compared to Regorafenib, Cabozantinib, and Nivolumab monotherapy.
• Nivolumab exhibited fewer side effects and improved tolerance compared to Regorafenib in patients with HCC. However, Regorafenib combined with programmed death-1 inhibitors (R-P) resulted in a higher incidence of adverse events, including hypothyroidism, thrombocytopenia, and rash, relative to Regorafenib monotherapy.
• In mCRC, Fruquintinib was linked to a significantly higher risk of serious adverse events compared to TAS-102 and Regorafenib, highlighting differing safety profiles among these treatments.
• Adverse events associated with Regorafenib in GIST were predominantly mild to moderate; however, monitoring for grade 4 or higher adverse events is necessary, as Regorafenib was found to have the highest rates of high-grade adverse events compared to Ripretinib and Masitinib, which had lower rates of severe events.
• Regorafenib demonstrates significant superiority in OS for patients with low-level alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in HCC, while no statistical differences were observed in patients with elevated AFP; in mCRC, the studies included primarily middle-aged to elderly individuals with a slight male predominance, mostly Caucasian, and TAS-102 plus Bevacizumab ranked highest across various subgroups including age, gender, and ECOG performance status.