Summary

This AI-generated content is provided without warranty, with no liability accepted for reliance on it. Learn more.

• Semaglutide (Ozempic) is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established cardiovascular disease.
• A total of 17 studies from systematic reviews/meta-analyses were reviewed.
• Compared to tirzepatide, semaglutide at a dose of 1mg shows favorable reductions in HbA1c and body weight, but higher doses of tirzepatide are more effective.
• In comparison to placebo, semaglutide significantly improves HbA1c (-0.97% to -1.36%) and body weight while maintaining tolerable safety profiles except for increased gastrointestinal adverse events.
• Among GLP-1 receptor agonists such as exenatide, dulaglutide, and lixisenatide, semaglutide exhibits superior efficacy in reducing HbA1c levels and promoting weight loss.
• Cardiovascular benefits associated with semaglutide are consistent regardless of metformin use; it parallels other GLP-1RAs in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) without increasing severe side effects like pancreatitis when compared against SGLT2 inhibitors like empagliflozin or canagliflozin.
• Increased gastrointestinal disorders including nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting were observed but did not lead to an increase in severe adverse events compared with placebo treatments across various studies reviewed.
• The drug demonstrates similar cardiovascular outcomes irrespective of baseline metformin use, suggesting broad applicability; greater benefit was noted among specific racial subpopulations, particularly Asian and African-descent patients indicating potential subgroup considerations.