Summary

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• This summary is based on the review of six systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-6]
• A systematic review and meta-analysis found a pooled relapse proportion of 2.0% (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0-3.0%) for short all-oral regimens treating rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB), indicating effective management of this condition.
• In patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), 204 out of 237 (86%) had favorable outcomes with pretomanid-containing regimens, yielding an odds ratio (OR) of 46.73 (95% CI: 11.76-185.7), suggesting significant efficacy in this population.
• Pretomanid-moxifloxacin-pyrazinamide demonstrated superior early bactericidal activity in rifampicin-susceptible tuberculosis; however, this regimen was halted due to serious hepatotoxic adverse events, underscoring the importance of safety monitoring in treatment protocols.
• Adverse events were reported more frequently in patients receiving higher cumulative doses of linezolid in BPaL regimens, with 35% of those on 1200 mg daily experiencing grade 3-4 adverse events, compared to 22% receiving 600 mg daily.
• The pretomanid-moxifloxacin-pyrazinamide regimen was halted due to serious hepatotoxic adverse events, including three deaths, indicating significant safety concerns associated with this treatment.
• Studies included patients with RR-TB, DR-TB, and highly resistant tuberculosis. Pretomanid-containing regimens showed low relapse rates and high favorable outcomes (204 out of 237 patients, 86% cured) in these populations, while also revealing safety concerns such as frequent linezolid-related toxicity in highly resistant cases.