Summary

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• Lupron (leuprolide acetate for depot suspension) is indicated for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
• This summary is based on the review of two systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-2]
• The studies do not provide direct data on the effectiveness of leuprolide acetate (a GnRH agonist) in treating prostate cancer, focusing instead on its safety profile.
• There is no direct comparison of leuprolide's effectiveness with other GnRH antagonists (degarelix and relugolix) regarding prostate cancer treatment outcomes; the primary focus is on cardiovascular safety differences.
• The studies do not address differences in effectiveness among various population types or subgroups.
• Cardiovascular Adverse Events: Leuprolide, a GnRH agonist, was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular adverse events compared to GnRH antagonists, with a pooled risk ratio of 0.57 (95% CI: 0.39-0.81) for adverse cardiovascular events, 0.49 (95% CI: 0.25-0.96) for cardiovascular death, and 0.48 (95% CI: 0.28-0.83) for all-cause mortality in favor of GnRH antagonists.
• Pituitary Apoplexy: Leuprolide was the most commonly used GnRH agonist in patients who developed pituitary apoplexy, accounting for 61.9% of cases, with symptoms including headache (100%), ophthalmoplegia (85.7%), and nausea/vomiting (71.4%). Three patients presented with blindness, with the median duration to symptom onset being 5 hours, ranging from a few minutes to 6 months.