Summary

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• This summary is based on the review of four systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-4]
• Efficacy of Janus kinase (JAK) Inhibitors in Alopecia Areata (AA): Brepocitinib 30mg demonstrated the highest efficacy in reducing the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) scores and achieving a SALT(50) response, with the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) values of 0.9831 and 0.9567, respectively. Deuruxolitinib 12mg also showed significant effectiveness, particularly in achieving SALT(75) responses (SUCRA 0.9761) and for severe AA (SUCRA 0.9395), closely followed by brepocitinib 30mg and ritlecitinib 50mg.
• Comparative Effectiveness: Deuruxolitinib 12mg was comparable to brepocitinib 30mg in reducing the SALT score, while outperforming ritlecitinib and baricitinib in patients with severe AA. Baricitinib 4mg showed notable efficacy for patients with at least 50% scalp hair loss.
• No Specific Population Differences: The review did not report significant differences in the efficacy of JAK inhibitors among different population types or subgroups.
• Deuruxolitinib Safety Profile: Deuruxolitinib was associated with higher rates of adverse events compared to placebo, including headache (21.4% vs. 9.1%; odds ratio (OR) = 2.7), acne (13.6% vs. 4.5%; OR = 3.3), and nasopharyngitis (14.6% vs. 2.3%; OR = 7.3).
• General Safety of JAK Inhibitors: Systemic JAK inhibitors were generally well-tolerated with a low withdrawal rate for adverse events (1.6% vs 2.2% placebo). However, laboratory abnormalities, such as increased cholesterol and transaminases, and increased rates of infections in the respiratory, urogenital, and skin systems, were common concerns.