Summary

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• Lampit (nifurtimox) is indicated in pediatric patients (birth to less than 18 years of age and weighing at least 2.5 kg) for the treatment of Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi.
• This summary is based on the review of five systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-5]
• Benznidazole demonstrated higher seroconversion rates compared to nifurtimox in the treatment of Chagas disease, with seroconversion rates reaching 100%, 96%, 94%, and 91.3% for various dosages, whereas specific seroconversion rates for nifurtimox were not detailed.
• For second-stage Trypanosoma brucei gambiense trypanosomiasis, the combination of nifurtimox and eflornithine (NECT) was associated with lower mortality and relapse rates at 24 months compared to fexinidazole (relapse rates: 0/130 for NECT vs. 14/264 for fexinidazole).
• In a review of treatment practices for Chagas disease, benznidazole was used in 85.4% of active treatment cases, while nifurtimox was used in only 5.6% of cases, with efficacy assessments varying across different methods.
• Adverse reactions to antitrypanosomal drugs, including nifurtimox, ranged from 5% to 73%, with treatment discontinuation due to adverse effects (gastrointestinal, cutaneous, neurological) reported in 1.5% to 57% of patients.
• The incidence of serious adverse events at 24 months did not significantly differ between fexinidazole and NECT groups; however, adverse events were common with both treatments (fexinidazole: 247/264, NECT: 121/130).
• There is no population types or subgroups information available in the reviewed studies.