Summary

This AI-generated content is provided without warranty, with no liability accepted for reliance on it. Learn more.

• This summary is based on the review of 35 systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-35]
• Biliary Tract Cancer (BTC) Patients: The addition of immunotherapy to gemcitabine and cisplatin (GemCis) significantly improved overall survival (OS), with a mean OS difference of 1.21 months at 24 months (95% CI: 0.49-1.93, p < 0.001). In the TOPAZ-1 and KEYNOTE-966 trials, patients treated with GemCis plus durvalumab or pembrolizumab had OS of 13.52 and 13.60 months, respectively, compared to GemCis alone.
• Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Patients: Tremelimumab plus durvalumab (Tre + Du) provided a comparable OS benefit to atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atezo + Beva). Progression-free survival (PFS) was higher with Atezo + Beva compared to Tre + Du.
• Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients: Consolidation therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) following chemoradiotherapy (CRT) significantly improved OS (1-year OS: 77% vs. 83%) and PFS (1-year PFS: 51% vs. 53%) compared to CRT alone. Durvalumab further improved 1-year OS to 85% and 1-year PFS to 60% in real-world studies. Durvalumab consolidation therapy following chemoradiotherapy was associated with an overall pneumonitis rate of 27-41%, with grade ≥3 pneumonitis occurring in 6-8% of patients. This safety profile was consistent with findings in the PACIFIC trial and real-world studies.
• Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Patients: Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy demonstrated superior OS and PFS outcomes compared to other treatments, particularly in PD-L1-positive populations. Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy led to a higher incidence of grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (trAEs) compared to other regimens, with atezolizumab showing fewer grade ≥3 adverse events.
• Recurrent/Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (R/M-HNSCC) Patients: Combination therapy of durvalumab and tremelimumab resulted in higher rates of grade 3-4 trAEs and treatment discontinuation compared to durvalumab monotherapy, although overall adverse event rates were similar between the groups.
• Population and Subgroup Considerations: Across the studies, certain subgroups exhibited higher efficacy with specific treatments. HCC patients from the Asia-Pacific region and those with HBV infection showed enhanced response rates to durvalumab-based therapies. In NSCLC patients, greater survival benefits were observed in those with PD-L1 expression ≥1%. TNBC patients who were PD-L1 positive demonstrated superior outcomes when treated with pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy. BTC patients consistently showed improved OS and PFS across various subgroups.