Summary

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• Cosela (trilaciclib) is indicated to decrease the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in adult patients when administered prior to a platinum/etoposide-containing regimen or topotecan-containing regimen for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.
• This summary is based on the review of one systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1]
• Trilaciclib significantly reduced the occurrence of severe neutropenia (19.3% vs. 42.2%, OR = 0.31), febrile neutropenia (3.22% vs. 6.72%, OR = 0.47), and anemia (20.5% vs. 38.2%, OR = 0.38) compared to the control group in adult patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) or breast cancer.
• The need for supportive care interventions was lower in the Trilaciclib group, with reduced usage of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (4.03% vs. 11.8%, OR = 0.31), granulocyte-colony stimulating factors (37.0% vs. 53.5%, OR = 0.52), and red blood cell transfusions (19.8% vs. 29.9%, OR = 0.56).
• Trilaciclib did not impact overall response rate, overall survival, or progression-free survival, with these outcomes being identical between the Trilaciclib and control groups.
• The incidence of chemotherapy-induced adverse events (AEs) and severe adverse events (SAEs) such as diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting was identical between the Trilaciclib and control groups. The safety profile of Trilaciclib was comparable to that of the control group, with no significant differences in the incidence of AEs and SAEs.
• There is no population types or subgroups information available in the reviewed studies.