Summary

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• This summary is based on the review of 14 systematic review(s)/meta-analysis(es). ^[1-14]
• Cabozantinib demonstrated prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) in radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC) patients and advanced medullary thyroid cancer (aMTC) patients, showing effectiveness at both 60 mg/day and 140 mg/day dosages.
• Lenvatinib at 18 mg/day and 24 mg/day significantly impacted PFS in RAIR-DTC, with the 18 mg/day dose achieving a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.13 for PFS.
• Apatinib achieved a notable effect on overall survival (OS), presenting a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.42, while lenvatinib and cabozantinib also showed OS improvements in RAIR-DTC.
• In terms of objective response rate (ORR), lenvatinib achieved the highest rate at 66%, followed by anlotinib at 59% and apatinib at 54%, with lenvatinib 18 mg/day demonstrating a favorable disease control rate (DCR) relative to other agents like sorafenib and vandetanib.
• Cabozantinib at doses of 60 mg/day and 140 mg/day was associated with increased adverse events, with common issues being hypertension, diarrhea, and fatigue.
• Lenvatinib demonstrated a high incidence of grade 3 or higher adverse events, particularly affecting metabolic parameters such as hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia.
• VEGF-TKIs (Vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors), including cabozantinib, presented increased cardiovascular risks, such as major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), heart failure, and thromboembolism.
• There is no population types or subgroups information available in the reviewed studies.